helper.c

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/*
 *  OpenVPN -- An application to securely tunnel IP networks
 *             over a single TCP/UDP port, with support for SSL/TLS-based
 *             session authentication and key exchange,
 *             packet encryption, packet authentication, and
 *             packet compression.
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 2002-2026 OpenVPN Inc <sales@openvpn.net>
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2
 *  as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 *  with this program; if not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif
 
#include "syshead.h"
 
#include "forward.h"
#include "helper.h"
#include "pool.h"
#include "push.h"
 
#include "memdbg.h"
 
 
static const char *
print_netmask(int netbits, struct gc_arena *gc)
{
    struct buffer out = alloc_buf_gc(128, gc);
    const in_addr_t netmask = netbits_to_netmask(netbits);
 
    buf_printf(&out, "%s (/%d)", print_in_addr_t(netmask, 0, gc), netbits);
 
    return BSTR(&out);
}
 
static const char *
print_opt_route_gateway(const in_addr_t route_gateway, struct gc_arena *gc)
{
    struct buffer out = alloc_buf_gc(128, gc);
    ASSERT(route_gateway);
    buf_printf(&out, "route-gateway %s", print_in_addr_t(route_gateway, 0, gc));
    return BSTR(&out);
}
 
static const char *
print_opt_route_gateway_dhcp(struct gc_arena *gc)
{
    struct buffer out = alloc_buf_gc(32, gc);
    buf_printf(&out, "route-gateway dhcp");
    return BSTR(&out);
}
 
static const char *
print_opt_route(const in_addr_t network, const in_addr_t netmask, struct gc_arena *gc)
{
    struct buffer out = alloc_buf_gc(128, gc);
    ASSERT(network);
 
    if (netmask)
    {
        buf_printf(&out, "route %s %s", print_in_addr_t(network, 0, gc),
                   print_in_addr_t(netmask, 0, gc));
    }
    else
    {
        buf_printf(&out, "route %s", print_in_addr_t(network, 0, gc));
    }
 
    return BSTR(&out);
}
 
static const char *
print_opt_topology(const int topology, struct gc_arena *gc)
{
    struct buffer out = alloc_buf_gc(128, gc);
 
    buf_printf(&out, "topology %s", print_topology(topology));
 
    return BSTR(&out);
}
 
static const char *
print_str_int(const char *str, const int i, struct gc_arena *gc)
{
    struct buffer out = alloc_buf_gc(128, gc);
    buf_printf(&out, "%s %d", str, i);
    return BSTR(&out);
}
 
static void
helper_add_route(const in_addr_t network, const in_addr_t netmask, struct options *o)
{
    rol_check_alloc(o);
    add_route_to_option_list(o->routes, print_in_addr_t(network, 0, &o->gc),
                             print_in_addr_t(netmask, 0, &o->gc), NULL, NULL,
                             o->route_default_table_id);
}
 
static void
verify_common_subnet(const char *opt, const in_addr_t a, const in_addr_t b, const in_addr_t subnet)
{
    struct gc_arena gc = gc_new();
    if ((a & subnet) != (b & subnet))
    {
        msg(M_USAGE, "%s IP addresses %s and %s are not in the same %s subnet", opt,
            print_in_addr_t(a, 0, &gc), print_in_addr_t(b, 0, &gc),
            print_in_addr_t(subnet, 0, &gc));
    }
    gc_free(&gc);
}
 
 
void
helper_setdefault_topology(struct options *o)
{
    if (o->topology != TOP_UNDEF)
    {
        return;
    }
    int dev = dev_type_enum(o->dev, o->dev_type);
    if (dev != DEV_TYPE_TUN)
    {
        return;
    }
    if (o->mode == MODE_SERVER)
    {
        o->topology = TOP_SUBNET;
    }
    else
    {
        o->topology = TOP_NET30;
    }
}
 
 
/*
 * Process server, server-bridge, and client helper
 * directives after the parameters themselves have been
 * parsed and placed in struct options.
 */
void
helper_client_server(struct options *o)
{
    struct gc_arena gc = gc_new();
 
    /*
     * Get tun/tap/null device type
     */
    const int dev = dev_type_enum(o->dev, o->dev_type);
 
    /*
     *
     * HELPER DIRECTIVE for IPv6
     *
     * server-ipv6 2001:db8::/64
     *
     * EXPANDS TO:
     *
     * tun-ipv6
     * push "tun-ipv6"
     * ifconfig-ipv6 2001:db8::1 2001:db8::2
     * if !nopool:
     *   ifconfig-ipv6-pool 2001:db8::1000/64
     *
     */
    if (o->server_ipv6_defined)
    {
        if (o->client)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE, "--server-ipv6 and --client cannot be used together");
        }
 
        if (o->server_flags & SF_NOPOOL)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE, "--server-ipv6 is incompatible with 'nopool' option");
        }
        if (o->ifconfig_ipv6_pool_defined)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE,
                "--server-ipv6 already defines an ifconfig-ipv6-pool, so you can't also specify --ifconfig-pool explicitly");
        }
 
        o->mode = MODE_SERVER;
        o->tls_server = true;
 
        /* local ifconfig is "base address + 1" and "+2" */
        o->ifconfig_ipv6_local = print_in6_addr(add_in6_addr(o->server_network_ipv6, 1), 0, &o->gc);
        o->ifconfig_ipv6_remote =
            print_in6_addr(add_in6_addr(o->server_network_ipv6, 2), 0, &o->gc);
        o->ifconfig_ipv6_netbits = o->server_netbits_ipv6;
 
        /* basic sanity check */
        ASSERT(o->server_netbits_ipv6 >= 64 && o->server_netbits_ipv6 <= 124);
 
        o->ifconfig_ipv6_pool_defined = true;
        /* For large enough pools we keep the original behaviour of adding
         * 0x1000 when computing the base.
         *
         * Smaller pools can't get that far, therefore we just increase by 2
         */
        o->ifconfig_ipv6_pool_base =
            add_in6_addr(o->server_network_ipv6, o->server_netbits_ipv6 < 112 ? 0x1000 : 2);
        o->ifconfig_ipv6_pool_netbits = o->server_netbits_ipv6;
 
        push_option(o, "tun-ipv6", M_USAGE);
    }
 
    /*
     *
     * HELPER DIRECTIVE:
     *
     * server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0
     *
     * EXPANDS TO:
     *
     * mode server
     * tls-server
     * push "topology [topology]"
     *
     * if tun AND (topology == net30 OR topology == p2p):
     *   ifconfig 10.8.0.1 10.8.0.2
     *   if !nopool:
     *     ifconfig-pool 10.8.0.4 10.8.0.251
     *   route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0
     *   if client-to-client:
     *     push "route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0"
     *   else if topology == net30:
     *     push "route 10.8.0.1"
     *
     * if tap OR (tun AND topology == subnet):
     *   ifconfig 10.8.0.1 255.255.255.0
     *   if !nopool:
     *     ifconfig-pool 10.8.0.2 10.8.0.254 255.255.255.0
     *   push "route-gateway 10.8.0.1"
     *   if route-gateway unset:
     *     route-gateway 10.8.0.2
     */
 
    if (o->server_defined)
    {
        int netbits = -2;
        bool status = false;
 
        if (o->client)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE, "--server and --client cannot be used together");
        }
 
        if (o->server_bridge_defined || o->server_bridge_proxy_dhcp)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE, "--server and --server-bridge cannot be used together");
        }
 
        if (o->shared_secret_file)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE,
                "--server and --secret cannot be used together (you must use SSL/TLS keys)");
        }
 
        if (!(o->server_flags & SF_NOPOOL) && o->ifconfig_pool_defined)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE,
                "--server already defines an ifconfig-pool, so you can't also specify --ifconfig-pool explicitly");
        }
 
        if (!(dev == DEV_TYPE_TAP || dev == DEV_TYPE_TUN))
        {
            msg(M_USAGE, "--server directive only makes sense with --dev tun or --dev tap");
        }
 
        status = netmask_to_netbits(o->server_network, o->server_netmask, &netbits);
        if (!status)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE, "--server directive network/netmask combination is invalid");
        }
 
        if (netbits < 0)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE, "--server directive netmask is invalid");
        }
 
        if (netbits < IFCONFIG_POOL_MIN_NETBITS)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE,
                "--server directive netmask allows for too many host addresses (subnet must be %s or higher)",
                print_netmask(IFCONFIG_POOL_MIN_NETBITS, &gc));
        }
 
        if (dev == DEV_TYPE_TUN)
        {
            int pool_end_reserve = 4;
 
            if (netbits > 29)
            {
                msg(M_USAGE,
                    "--server directive when used with --dev tun must define a subnet of %s or lower",
                    print_netmask(29, &gc));
            }
 
            if (netbits == 29)
            {
                pool_end_reserve = 0;
            }
 
            o->mode = MODE_SERVER;
            o->tls_server = true;
            /* Need to know topology now */
            helper_setdefault_topology(o);
 
            if (o->topology == TOP_NET30 || o->topology == TOP_P2P)
            {
                o->ifconfig_local = print_in_addr_t(o->server_network + 1, 0, &o->gc);
                o->ifconfig_remote_netmask = print_in_addr_t(o->server_network + 2, 0, &o->gc);
 
                if (!(o->server_flags & SF_NOPOOL))
                {
                    o->ifconfig_pool_defined = true;
                    o->ifconfig_pool_start = o->server_network + 4;
                    o->ifconfig_pool_end =
                        (o->server_network | ~o->server_netmask) - pool_end_reserve;
                    ifconfig_pool_verify_range(M_USAGE, o->ifconfig_pool_start,
                                               o->ifconfig_pool_end);
                }
 
                helper_add_route(o->server_network, o->server_netmask, o);
                if (o->enable_c2c)
                {
                    push_option(o, print_opt_route(o->server_network, o->server_netmask, &o->gc),
                                M_USAGE);
                }
                else if (o->topology == TOP_NET30)
                {
                    push_option(o, print_opt_route(o->server_network + 1, 0, &o->gc), M_USAGE);
                }
            }
            else if (o->topology == TOP_SUBNET)
            {
                o->ifconfig_local = print_in_addr_t(o->server_network + 1, 0, &o->gc);
                o->ifconfig_remote_netmask = print_in_addr_t(o->server_netmask, 0, &o->gc);
 
                if (!(o->server_flags & SF_NOPOOL))
                {
                    o->ifconfig_pool_defined = true;
                    o->ifconfig_pool_start = o->server_network + 2;
                    o->ifconfig_pool_end = (o->server_network | ~o->server_netmask) - 1;
                    ifconfig_pool_verify_range(M_USAGE, o->ifconfig_pool_start,
                                               o->ifconfig_pool_end);
                }
                o->ifconfig_pool_netmask = o->server_netmask;
 
                push_option(o, print_opt_route_gateway(o->server_network + 1, &o->gc), M_USAGE);
                if (!o->route_default_gateway)
                {
                    o->route_default_gateway = print_in_addr_t(o->server_network + 2, 0, &o->gc);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                ASSERT(0);
            }
 
            push_option(o, print_opt_topology(o->topology, &o->gc), M_USAGE);
 
            if (o->topology == TOP_NET30 && !(o->server_flags & SF_NOPOOL))
            {
                msg(M_WARN, "WARNING: --topology net30 support for server "
                            "configs with IPv4 pools will be removed in a future "
                            "release. Please migrate to --topology subnet as soon "
                            "as possible.");
            }
        }
        else if (dev == DEV_TYPE_TAP)
        {
            if (netbits > 30)
            {
                msg(M_USAGE,
                    "--server directive when used with --dev tap must define a subnet of %s or lower",
                    print_netmask(30, &gc));
            }
 
            o->mode = MODE_SERVER;
            o->tls_server = true;
            o->ifconfig_local = print_in_addr_t(o->server_network + 1, 0, &o->gc);
            o->ifconfig_remote_netmask = print_in_addr_t(o->server_netmask, 0, &o->gc);
 
            if (!(o->server_flags & SF_NOPOOL))
            {
                o->ifconfig_pool_defined = true;
                o->ifconfig_pool_start = o->server_network + 2;
                o->ifconfig_pool_end = (o->server_network | ~o->server_netmask) - 1;
                ifconfig_pool_verify_range(M_USAGE, o->ifconfig_pool_start, o->ifconfig_pool_end);
            }
            o->ifconfig_pool_netmask = o->server_netmask;
 
            push_option(o, print_opt_route_gateway(o->server_network + 1, &o->gc), M_USAGE);
        }
        else
        {
            ASSERT(0);
        }
 
        /* set push-ifconfig-constraint directive */
        if ((dev == DEV_TYPE_TAP || o->topology == TOP_SUBNET))
        {
            o->push_ifconfig_constraint_defined = true;
            o->push_ifconfig_constraint_network = o->server_network;
            o->push_ifconfig_constraint_netmask = o->server_netmask;
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * HELPER DIRECTIVE:
     *
     * server-bridge 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.128 10.8.0.254
     *
     * EXPANDS TO:
     *
     * mode server
     * tls-server
     *
     * ifconfig-pool 10.8.0.128 10.8.0.254 255.255.255.0
     * push "route-gateway 10.8.0.4"
     *
     * OR
     *
     * server-bridge
     *
     * EXPANDS TO:
     *
     * mode server
     * tls-server
     *
     * if !nogw:
     *   push "route-gateway dhcp"
     */
    else if (o->server_bridge_defined || o->server_bridge_proxy_dhcp)
    {
        if (o->client)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE, "--server-bridge and --client cannot be used together");
        }
 
        if (!(o->server_flags & SF_NOPOOL) && o->ifconfig_pool_defined)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE,
                "--server-bridge already defines an ifconfig-pool, so you can't also specify --ifconfig-pool explicitly");
        }
 
        if (o->shared_secret_file)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE,
                "--server-bridge and --secret cannot be used together (you must use SSL/TLS keys)");
        }
 
        if (dev != DEV_TYPE_TAP)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE, "--server-bridge directive only makes sense with --dev tap");
        }
 
        if (o->server_bridge_defined)
        {
            verify_common_subnet("--server-bridge", o->server_bridge_ip,
                                 o->server_bridge_pool_start, o->server_bridge_netmask);
            verify_common_subnet("--server-bridge", o->server_bridge_pool_start,
                                 o->server_bridge_pool_end, o->server_bridge_netmask);
            verify_common_subnet("--server-bridge", o->server_bridge_ip, o->server_bridge_pool_end,
                                 o->server_bridge_netmask);
        }
 
        o->mode = MODE_SERVER;
        o->tls_server = true;
 
        if (o->server_bridge_defined)
        {
            o->ifconfig_pool_defined = true;
            o->ifconfig_pool_start = o->server_bridge_pool_start;
            o->ifconfig_pool_end = o->server_bridge_pool_end;
            ifconfig_pool_verify_range(M_USAGE, o->ifconfig_pool_start, o->ifconfig_pool_end);
            o->ifconfig_pool_netmask = o->server_bridge_netmask;
            push_option(o, print_opt_route_gateway(o->server_bridge_ip, &o->gc), M_USAGE);
        }
        else if (o->server_bridge_proxy_dhcp && !(o->server_flags & SF_NO_PUSH_ROUTE_GATEWAY))
        {
            push_option(o, print_opt_route_gateway_dhcp(&o->gc), M_USAGE);
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * HELPER DIRECTIVE:
     *
     * client
     *
     * EXPANDS TO:
     *
     * pull
     * tls-client
     */
    else if (o->client)
    {
        o->pull = true;
        o->tls_client = true;
    }
 
    gc_free(&gc);
}
 
/*
 *
 * HELPER DIRECTIVE:
 *
 * keepalive 10 60
 *
 * EXPANDS TO:
 *
 * if mode server:
 *   ping 10
 *   ping-restart 120
 *   push "ping 10"
 *   push "ping-restart 60"
 * else
 *   ping 10
 *   ping-restart 60
 */
void
helper_keepalive(struct options *o)
{
    if (o->keepalive_ping || o->keepalive_timeout)
    {
        /*
         * Sanity checks.
         */
        if (o->keepalive_ping * 2 > o->keepalive_timeout)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE,
                "The second parameter to --keepalive (restart timeout=%d) must be at least twice the value of the first parameter (ping interval=%d).  A ratio of 1:5 or 1:6 would be even better.  Recommended setting is --keepalive 10 60.",
                o->keepalive_timeout, o->keepalive_ping);
        }
        if (o->ping_send_timeout || o->ping_rec_timeout)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE,
                "--keepalive conflicts with --ping, --ping-exit, or --ping-restart.  If you use --keepalive, you don't need any of the other --ping directives.");
        }
        if (o->mode == MODE_SERVER && o->keepalive_timeout > PING_TIMEOUT_MAX / 2)
        {
            msg(M_USAGE,
                "The second parameter to --keepalive must not exceed %d in server mode.",
                PING_TIMEOUT_MAX / 2);
        }
 
        /*
         * Expand.
         */
        if (o->mode == MODE_POINT_TO_POINT)
        {
            o->ping_rec_timeout_action = PING_RESTART;
            o->ping_send_timeout = o->keepalive_ping;
            o->ping_rec_timeout = o->keepalive_timeout;
        }
        else if (o->mode == MODE_SERVER)
        {
            o->ping_rec_timeout_action = PING_RESTART;
            o->ping_send_timeout = o->keepalive_ping;
            o->ping_rec_timeout = o->keepalive_timeout * 2;
            push_option(o, print_str_int("ping", o->keepalive_ping, &o->gc), M_USAGE);
            push_option(o, print_str_int("ping-restart", o->keepalive_timeout, &o->gc), M_USAGE);
        }
        else
        {
            ASSERT(0);
        }
    }
}
 
/*
 *
 * HELPER DIRECTIVE:
 *
 * tcp-nodelay
 *
 * EXPANDS TO:
 *
 * if mode server:
 *   push "socket-flags TCP_NODELAY"
 */
void
helper_tcp_nodelay(struct options *o)
{
    if ((o->server_flags & SF_TCP_NODELAY_HELPER) && o->mode == MODE_SERVER)
    {
        push_option(o, "socket-flags TCP_NODELAY", M_USAGE);
    }
}